Trabecular Metal? Material Trabecular Metal™ Material: Literature Review (updated Jan 2009)

Mechanical and Physical Properties

1)       BLACK, J., Biological Performance of Tantalum, (Clinical Materials, 1994, 16, pp 167-73)

2)       HEINER, A. D., POGGIE, R. A. & BROWN, T. D., Flexural Rigidity of Laboratory and Surgical Substitutes for Human Fibular Bone Grafts, (Journal of Musculoskeletal Research, 1998, 2(4), pp 267-72)

3)       SHIMKO, D. A., SHIMKO, V. F., SANDER, E. A., DICKSON, K. F. & NAUMAN, E. A. Effect of Porosity on the Fluid Flow Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of Tantalum Scaffolds, (Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2005, 73B, pp 315-24)

4)       SHIRAZI-ADL, A., DAMMAK, M. & PAIEMENT, G., Experimental Determination of Friction Characteristics at the Trabecular Bone/Porous- Coated Metal Interface in Cementless Implants, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1993, 27 pp167-75)

5)       ZHANG, Y., AHN, P. B., FITZPATRICK, D. C., HEINER, A. D., POGGIE, R. A. & BROWN, T. D., Interfacial Frictional Behavior: Cancellous Bone, Cortical Bone, and a Novel Porous Tantalum Biomaterial, (Journal of Musculoskeletal Research, 1999, 3(4) pp 245-51)

TM Imaging

6)       LEVI, A. D. O., CHOI, W. G., KELLER,P. J., HEISERMAN, J. E., SONNTAG, V. K. H. & DICKMAN, C. A., The Radiographic and Imaging Characteristics of Porous Tantalum Implants within the Human Cervical Spine, (The Spine Journal, 1998, 23(11), pp1245-51)

7)       WANG, J. C., YU, W. D., SANDHU, H. S., TAM, V. & DELAMARTER, R. B., A Comparison of Magnetic Resonance and Computed Tomographic Image Quality after the Implantation of Tantalum and Titanium Spinal Instrumentation, (The Spine Journal, 1998, 23(15), pp1684-88)

In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

8)       BOBYN, J. D., PILLIAR, R. M.,CAMERON, H. U. & WEATHERLY, G. C., The Optimum Pore Size for the Fixation of Porous-Surfaced Metal Implants by the Ingrowth of Bone, (Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 1980, 150, pp 263-70)

9)       BOBYN, J. D., WILSON, G. J., MACGREGOR, D. C., PILLIAR, R. M. & WEATHERLY, G. C. Effect of Pore Size on the Peel Strength of Attachment of Fibrous Tissue to Porous-Surfaced Implants, (Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 1982, 16 pp571-84)

10)   BOBYN, J. D., STACKPOOL, G. J., HACKING, S. A., TANZER, M. & KRYGIER, J. J., Characteristics of Bone Ingrowth and Interface Mechanics of a New Porous Tantalum Biomaterial, (The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Br), 1999, 81-B(5), pp907-14)

11)   BOBYN, J. D., TOH, K.-K., HACKING, A., TANZER, M. & KRYGIER, J. J., Tissue Response to Porous Tantalum Acetabular Cups - A Canine Model, (The Journal of Arthroplasty, 1999, 14(3), pp347-54)

12)   BOBYN, J. D., HACKING, S. A., KRYGIER, J. J., HARVEY, E. J., LITTLE, D. G. & TANZER, M., Zoledronic Acid Causes Enhancement of Bone Growth into Porous Implants, (The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Br), 2005, 87-B(3). pp416-20)

13)   HACKING, S. A., BOBYN, J. D., TOH, K.-K., TANZER, M. & KRYGIER, J. J., Fibrous Tissue Ingrowth and Attachment to Porous Tantalum, (Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2000, 52(4), pp 631-38)

14)   MARDONES, R. M., REINHOLZ, G. G., FITZSIMMONS, J. S., ZOBITZ, M. E., AN, K.-N., LEWALLEN, D. G., YASZEMSKI, M. J. & O'DRISCOLL, S. W., Development of a Biologic Prosthesis Composite for Cartilage Repair, (Tissue Engineering, 2005, 11 (9/10), pp1368-78)

15)   RAHBEK, O., KOLD, S., ZIPPOR, B., OVERGAARD, S. & SOBALLE, K., Particle Migration and Gap Healing around Trabecular Metal Implants, (International Orthopaedics (SICOT), 2005, 29, pp 368-74)

16)   REACH JR., J. S., DICKEY, I. D., ZOBITZ, M. E., ADAMS, J. E., SCULLY, S. P. & LEWALLEN, D. G., Direct Tendon Attachment and Healing to Porous Tantalum: An Experimental Animal Study, (The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 2007, 89 pp1000-09)

17)   SCHILDHAUER, T. A., ROBIE, B., MUHR, G. & KÖLLER, M., Bacterial Adherence to Tantalum Versus Commonly Used Orthopedic Metallic Implant Materials, (Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, 2006, 20(7), pp476-84)

18)   TANZER, M., KARABASZ, D., KRYGIER, J. J., COHEN, R. & BOBYN, J. D., Bone Augmentation around and within Porous Implants by Local Bisphosphonate Elution, (Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 2005, 441, pp 30-39)

19)   ZOU, X., XUE, Q., LI, H., BÜNGER, M., LIND, M. & BÜNGER, C., Effect of Alendronate on Bone Ingrowth into PorousTantalum and Carbon Fiber Interbody Devices. An Experimental Study on Spinal Fusion in Pigs, (Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica, 2003, 74(5), pp 596-603)

20)   ZOU, X., LI, H., BÜNGER, M., EGUND, N., LIND, M. & BÜNGER, C, Bone Ingrowth Characteristics of Porous Tantalum and Carbon Fiber Interbody Devices: An Experimental Study in Pigs, (The Spine Journal, 2004, 4, pp 99-105)

21)   ZOU, X., LI, H., TENG, X., EGUND, N.,LIND, M. & BÜNGER, C., Pedicle Screw Fixation Enhances Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Porous Tantalum Cages: An Experimental Study in Pigs, (The Spine Journal, 2005, 30(14), pp E392-99)

Cervical Interbody Fusion

22)   FERNANDEZ-FAIREN, M., SALA, P., DUFOO, JR. M., BALLESTER, J. , MURCIA, & MERZTHAL, L. Anterior Cervical Fusion with Tantalum Implant, (Spine, 2008, 33(5) pp 465-72)

23)   WIGFIELD, C., ROBERTSON, J., GILL, S.& NELSON, R., Clinical Experience with Porous Tantalum Cervical Interbody Implants in a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial, (British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2003, 17 (5), pp 418-25)

TM Monoblock Tibial Component

24)   KLEIN, G. R., LEVINE, H. B. & HARTZBAND, M. A.Removal of a Well-Fixed Trabecular Metal Monoblock Tibial Component, (Journal of Arthroplasty, 2008, 23(4), pp 619-22)

Acetabular Component

25)   MITCHELL, P. A., MASRI, B. A., GARBUZ, D. S., GREIDANUS, N. V., WILSON, D. & DUNCAN, C. P., Removal of Well-Fixed, Cementless, Acetabular Components in Revision Hip Arthroplasty, (The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, (Br), 2003, 85-B(7), pp 949-52)

26)   SPORER, S. M. & PAPROSKY, W. G., The Use of a Trabecular Metal Acetabular Component and Trabecular Metal Augment for Severe Acetabular Defects, (The Journal of Arthroplasty, 2006, 21(6) Suppl.2, pp 83-86)

27)   SPORER, S. M. & PAPROSKY, W. G., Acetabular Revision Using a Trabecular Metal Acetabular Component for Severe Acetabular Bone Loss Associated with a Pelvic Discontinuity, (The Journal of Arthroplasty, 2006, 21(6) Suppl.2, pp 87-90)

Reviews

28)   BOBYN, J. D., POGGIE, R. A., KRYGIER, J. J., LEWALLEN, D. G., HANSSEN, A. D., LEWIS, R. J., UNGER, A. S., O'KEEFE, T. J., CHRISTIE, M. J., NASSER, S., WOOD, J. E., STULBERG, S. D. & TANZER, M., Clinical Validation of a Structural Porous Tantalum Biomaterial for Adult Reconstruction, (The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery, 2004, 86, pp 123-29)

29)   CHRISTIE, M. J., Clinical Applications of Trabecular Metal, (The American Journal of Orthopedics, 2002, 31(4), pp 219-20)

30)   COHEN, R. A, Porous Tantalum Trabecular Metal: Basic Science, (The American Journal of Orthopedics, 2002, 31(4), pp 216-17)

31)   LEVINE, B., DELLA VALLE, C. J. & JACOBS, J. J., Applications of Porous Tantalum in Total Hip Arthroplasty, (Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2006, 14(12), pp 646-55)

32)   LEVINE, B. R., SPORER, S., POGGIE, R. A., DELLA VALLE, C. J. & JACOBS, J. J., Experimental and Clinical Performance of Porous Tantalum in Orthopedic Surgery, (Biomaterials, 2006, 27, pp 4671-81)

33)   LEVINE, B., SPORER, S., DELLA VALLE, C. J., JACOBS, J. J. & PAPROSKY, W., Porous Tantalum in Reconstructive Surgery of the Knee, (The Journal of Knee Surgery, 2007, 20(3), pp 185-94)

34)   PANDIT, H., ASLAM, N., PIRPIRIS, M. & JINNAH, R., Total Knee Arthroplasty: The Future, (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances, 2006, 15(2), pp 79-85)

35)   STIEHL, J. B. Trabecular Metal in Hip Reconstructive Surgery, (Orthopedics, 2005 28(7), pp 662-70)

APPENDIX "A" Abstracts

Mechanical and Physical Properties

36)   BOBYN, J. D., HACKING, S. A., CHAN, S. P., TOH, K.-K., KRYGIER, J. J. & TANZER, M., Characterization of a New Porous Tantalum Biomaterial for Reconstructive Orthopaedics, (66th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1999, Anaheim, CA, USA)

37)   FITZPATRICK, D., AHN, P., BROWN, T. & POGGIE, R., Friction Coefficients of Porous Tantalum and Cancellous & Cortical Bone, (21st Annual American Society of Biomechanics, 1997, Clemson, SC, USA )

38)   GUNSON, A. J., POGGIE, R. A. & KRAL,M. V., Three Dimensional Reconstruction and Modeling of a Porous Tantalum Biomaterial, (Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, 2001, Toronto, Canada)

39)   HACKING, S. A., TOH, K.-K., BOBYN, J. D., TANZER, M. & KRYGIER, J. J., The Strength of Soft Tissue Attachment to Porous Tantalum, (24th Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, 1998, San Diego, CA, USA)

40)   KRYGIER, J. J., BOBYN, J. D., POGGIE, R. & COHEN, R., Mechanical Characterization of a New Porous Tantalum Biomaterial for Orthopaedic Reconstruction, Annual Meeting of SIROT, 1999, Sydney, Australia)

41)   MEDLIN, D. J., CHARLEBOIS, S., SWARTS, D. & SHETTY, R. POGGIE, R. A., Metallurgical Characterization of a Porous Tantalum Biomaterial (Trabecular Metal) for Orthopaedic Implant Applications, (ASM Materials & Processes for Medical Devices Conference, 2003, Anaheim, CA, USA)

TM Imaging

42)   ROBERTSON, D.D., ALMUSA, E. & PRASAD, A., Imaging Efficacy of Cervical and Lumbar Trabecular Metal Spinal Devices, (Annual Meeting of Cervial Spine Research Society, 2005, San Dieco, CA, USA)

In Vivo Studies

43)   BRAGDON, C. R., DOHERTY, A. M., CHIANG, P. P., JASTY, M., HARRIS, W. H. & RUBASH, H. E., The Effect of Trabecular Metal Porous Surface on Gap Healing and Bone Ingrowth Fixation in a Canine Total Hip Model, (50th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 2004 San Francisco, CA, USA)

44)   CLAASSEN, B., KERNS, L., GHARPURAY, V., BLACK, J. & POWERS, D. L., High Specific Volume Bone Growth into a Porous Tantalum Structure,(23rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, 1997 New Orleans, LA, USA)

45)   KAY, A. B., HARVEY, E. J., TANZER, M., STACKPOOL, G. J. & BOBYN, J. D., The Effect of Prolonged Ultrasound Stimulation on Bone Growth Into Porous Tantalum Transcortical Implants, (42nd Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 1996, Atlanta, GA, USA)

46)   MOORE, D. K., DEGUCHI, M., RAPOFF, J., O'BRIEN, T. J., SWAIN, C., CHENG, B. & ZDEBLICK, T. A., Lordotic Cervical Porous Tantalum Interbody Fusion Cages in a Goat Model, (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 1998, New Orleans, LA, USA)

47)   SANDHU, H. S., TOTH, J., TURNER, S., KANIM, L. & KABO, J. M., Anterior Spinal Fusions with Tantalum "Foam" Interbody Fusion Cages, (American Association of Neurological Surgeons Meeting, 1997, Denver, CO, USA)

48)   STACKPOOL, G. J., KAY, A. B., HARVEY, E. J., TANZER, M. & BOBYN, J. D., Characterization of Bone Ingrowth with a Unique Porous Tantalum Implant Material, (42nd Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 1996, Atlanta, GA, USA)

49)   TOH, K.-K., HACKING, S. A., BOBYN, J. D., TANZER, M., KRYGIER, J. J. & MILLER, J., The Tissue Response to Noncemented Canine Acetabular Cups with Porous Tantalum Backing, (44th Annual Meeting of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 1998 New Orleans, LA, USA)

50)   TOH, K.-K., CHAN, S. P., BOBYN, J. D., HACKING, S. A., PLANK, P. A., TANZER, M. & KRYGIER, J. J., Bone Ingrowth Into a Porous Tantalum Biomaterial with Calcium Phosphate Coating, (Annual Meeting of SIROT, 1999, Sydney, Australia)

51)   TOTH, J. M., SANDHU, H. S., TURNER, S., KABO, J. M., PAGEDAS, M. T. & KANIM, L., Porous Tantalum Composite as a Spinal Fixation Material, (23rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, 1997, New Orleans, LA, USA)

52)   TURNER, T. M., URBAN, R. M., BERZINS, A. & SUMNER, D. R., Evaluation of Tantalum Foam, a Novel Porous Material, for Bone Ingrowth Fixation Using a Canine Model, (21st Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials, 1995, San Francisco, CA, USA)

Clinical Studies General

53)   BOBYN, J. D., TANZER, M., KRYGIER, J. J., LEWALLEN, D. G., HANSSEN, A. D., LEWIS, R. J., UNGER, A. S., O'KEEFE, T. J., CHRISTIE, M. J., NASSER, S., WOOD, J. E., STULBERG, D. & POGGIE, R. A., Clinical Validation of a Structural Porous Tantalum Biomaterial for Adult Reconstruction, (Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2004, San Francisco, CA, USA)

Cervical Interbody Fusion

54)   AN & COTLER, Retrieval Analysis of Hedrocel Cervical Device, (Spinal Instrumentation, 2nd Edition, 1999, pp 78-79  

55)   LÖFGREN, H., VAVRUCH, L. & ENGQUIST, M., Clinical Evaluation of Trabecular Metal and the Smith- Robinson Technique in Anterior Cervical Fusion: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study with Two Year Follow-Up, (Annual Meeting of the CSRS, 2006, Berlin, Germany)

56)   SANCHEZ BENITEZ DE SOTO, J., BERJANO COQUILLAT, P., RAYO SANCHEZ, A. & CRUZ-CONDE DELGADO, R., Cervical Fusion Using Tantalum Interbody Spacers without Bone Graft. Preliminary Results, (17th Annual Meeting of the Spanish Spine Society (GEER), 2004, Madrid, Spain

57)   SCHOETTLE, T., STANDARD, S., LANFORD, G., ABRAM, S., ROBERTSON, D. & ROBIE, B., Successful use of a Modern Porous Tantalum, (Trabecular Metal) Device for Cervical Interbody Fusion: Results from a Prospective Randomized Multi Center Clinical Trial, (Annual Meeting of the CSRS, 2005, San Diego, CA, USA)

TM-400

58)   SMISZEK, F.-G., BARZ, T., RASSUDOW, P. & MERK, H. R.,  First Results of Ventrally Fused Caudal Lumbar Spine with Instable Segment under Use of a Tantalum Cagw (Trabecular Metal TM-400) as Stand- Alone, (2nd Annual Meeting of the German Spine Society, 2007, Mannheim, Germany)

Acetabular Component

59)   HANSSEN, A. D., Severe Acetabular Revision Cases - What Next?, (Harvard Hip Course 2003, 2003, Boston, MA, USA)

60)   LEWIS, R. J., Acetabular Component Removal - A New Technique, (The 70th Annual Meeting of the AmericanAcademy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003, New Orleans, LA, USA)

61)O'KEEFE, T., COHEN, R., AVERILL, R. & POGGIE, R. Design Principles of a Novel Mono-Block Acetabular Cup, (Annual Meeting of the Australian Orthopaedic Association, 1999, Brisbane, Australia)